As high-rise buildings bring vitality and energy to our cities, fire prevention work is becoming increasingly severe. Through the analysis of recent fire accidents, it is shown that smoke is the main factor causing casualties in building fires. The harm of smoke to people during a fire is mainly manifested in two aspects: the smoke contains a large amount of toxic gases and is not conducive to the evacuation of personnel. Due to the harm of smoke to people being the main cause of casualties in fires, the main purpose of smoke control and exhaust design in high-rise buildings is to prevent the spread of smoke, timely eliminate high-temperature smoke, and ensure smooth evacuation of personnel.
Fire resistance requirements for smoke exhaust ducts
According to Articles 3.3.8, 4.4.8, and 4.5.7 of the Technical Standard for Building Smoke Control and Exhaust Systems GB51251-2017, the performance of smoke control and exhaust ducts must meet the following requirements for the installation and fire resistance limit of smoke control and exhaust systems:
1、 Special glass wool board for smoke exhaust ducts
According to the technical requirements of the "Technical Standard for Building Smoke Control and Exhaust Systems" (GB 51251-2017) for smoke control and exhaust systems, pipeline insulation materials are professionally designed based on application characteristics. The specialized insulated glass wool for smoke control system is wrapped around the outside of the metal smoke control pipeline, which can isolate the heat of fire smoke, prevent it from being transmitted through the pipe wall, effectively help the smoke control pipeline achieve the required fire resistance and insulation effect, eliminate smoke and heat in case of fire, and ensure personnel evacuation and fire rescue.
2、 Aluminum silicate fiber felt
*The overall fire resistance performance test of ventilation ducts is a large-scale fire resistant structure experiment. At present, the most authoritative testing institutions are the National Fire Building Materials Quality Supervision and Inspection Center in Dujiangyan Irrigation Project, Sichuan Province, and the National Fixed Fire Extinguishing System and Fire Resistant Structure Quality Supervision and Inspection Center in Tianjin.